Understanding Fibroids - Causes, Treatments and Prevention Measures

They are benign growths in the uterus or surrounding areas. Also known as uterine fiberoids or leiomyomas, they are benign tumors. The benign tumors can range in size from small seedlings, which are nearly undetectable, to larger masses that distort the uterus and cause it to enlarge. A single fibroid may be present or you could have multiple fibroids. If they're very small, you may not know until you get a check-up. Fibroids aren't associated with a higher risk of cancer in the uterus and they rarely become cancerous, but can still cause serious problems, such as heavy menstrual flow, pelvic discomfort, or complications during pregnancy.

What are Fibroids

Fibroids, also known as muscular tumors of the uterus wall, are muscle tumours. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services states that 20 to 80 percent of women will develop fibroids before they turn 50. Most women do not show any signs or symptoms. African-Americans are more likely to develop fibroids at an earlier age. It is not known what causes benign tumors, despite their prevalence. Research suggests genetic changes and hormones that aid the body in maintaining tissues may influence fibroids.

Fibroids: Common causes

Although the exact cause of fibroids is unknown, several factors appear to be involved in their development:

• Estrogen, progesterone and other hormones stimulate the formation of uterine linings during menstrual cycles. These two hormones appear to encourage the growth of fibroids.

• Changes in gene expression: Genetic mutations in fibroids are often different from the genes found in normal uterine muscles cells.

• Fibroid growth can also be affected by other growth factors, such as insulin-like growth factor. This substance helps maintain the tissues in the body.

Treatment options for fibroids

Treatment of fibroids depends on the size, location and if the patient is pregnant. These include:

• Medication: You can take drugs to control your menstrual cycles, and treat certain symptoms like heavy bleeding during menstruation or pelvic pressure. These drugs don't remove fibroids, but they may reduce them.

• Non-invasive Procedures: MR guided focused ultrasound surgery is a minimally invasive option to treat uterine fibroids. It does not require an incision, and it can be performed as an outpatient procedure.

• Some procedures are minimally invasive and can be used to destroy fibroids in the uterus without removing them surgically.

• Surgery: Surgery (such as an hysterectomy), if other treatment options are not effective or the fibroids are very large, may be the best option.

Expert Opinions about Fibroids

Regular checkups are often recommended by medical professionals to identify fibroids as early as possible. Mayo Clinic recommends that women have annual gynecological examinations to detect fibroids early. Research is ongoing to better understand what causes fibroids, and how they can effectively be treated or prevented.

Prevention and Natural Remedies

Some lifestyle changes may be able to help reduce fibroid symptoms and slow growth.

• Plant-based foods can regulate estrogen levels, and help to inhibit the growth of fibroid.

• Stress management is important: high stress levels can cause inflammation and disrupt your hormonal balance, leading to fibroid formation.

• Obesity increases the risk for fibroids. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can be used to maintain a healthy body weight.

Fibroids are benign, common tumors which can be uncomfortable and cause complications. Although their cause is not known, genetics and hormonal changes can play a part. Depending on the individual, treatment options can range from medications to surgery. Lifestyle changes can also help to manage symptoms and slow fibroid development. For early diagnosis and treatment, regular gynecological examinations are essential.

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