Understand Myasthenia Gravis - Its causes, treatments and prevention
Myasthenia Gravis, a chronic neuromuscular autoimmune disease, causes varying degrees skeletal weakness. Most commonly, the muscles that control eye movement, facial expressions, chewing and swallowing as well as speaking are affected. This condition may also affect other muscles. The disorder causes rapid weakness and fatigue, which worsens during activity periods and gets better after rest periods. Understanding myasthenia, its treatments and prevention measures will help those with the disorder improve their quality of life.
What is Myasthenia Gravis?
According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Myasthenia Gravis is a neurological condition that affects about 20 people out of 100,000 in the United States. A problem with the immune system causes a breakdown of communication between muscles and nerves. Normaly, antibodies are produced by the immune system to defend against dangerous substances. In MG however, antibodies attack the wrong cells – specifically receptors where nerve impulses cause muscle contractions.
Muscle weakness and fatigue are the result. They worsen with exercise and get better with rest. The symptoms can be mild (such as drooping eyes) or severe. For example, respiratory muscle weakness may cause difficulty breathing.
Myasthenia Gravis: Common causes
The main cause of myasthenia graveis is:
- A type of autoimmune reaction whereby the immune system targets nerves or muscles in the wrong way.
- The thymus gland tumour. The tumor is benign but can cause the body to produce harmful antibodies.
Myasthenia Gravis Treatments
Treatment for MG aims to control symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatments include:
- Medicines: Cholinesterase inhibiters, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants may be prescribed.
- Many patients can benefit from thymectomy (the removal of the gland thymus).
- The use of intravenous immuneglobulin and plasmapheresis is a treatment that helps to eliminate harmful antibodies or provides normal antibodies for fighting off infections.
Myasthenia gravis: Expert opinions
Early diagnosis and treatment are widely accepted by experts to improve prognosis in those suffering from myasthenia graveis. A study in the Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry found that early treatment can result in a stable remission of up to 35 percent of myasthenia gravis cases. Recognizing the symptoms is important, as well as seeking medical help immediately.
Prevention and Natural Remedies
Even though there is no cure, lifestyle changes can be made to help reduce symptoms.
- To combat difficulty in chewing or swallowing, eat smaller meals more frequently.
- Avoid over-exertion and rest to control muscle fatigue.
- Stress and excessive heat can worsen symptoms.
Myasthenia Gravis, an autoimmune disease that results in significant fatigue and muscle weakness, is a condition that can be treated. The condition can have a mild or debilitating impact, but by understanding the causes and treatment options available to those who are affected. Early detection and treatment, along with lifestyle changes, are key to managing the condition. The comprehensive knowledge of Myasthenia gravis will empower patients and caregivers with the courage to meet challenges that Myasthenia can present.
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